Mass, Force, Velocity, and Acceleration
Velocity and Speed
Velocity of an object is the rate of change of its position with respect to time, i.e.
. It is a vector quantity. Speed is the magnitude of velocity.
Acceleration
Acceleration of an object is the rate of change of its velocity with respect to time, i.e.
. Notice that it is also a vector quantity.
Newton’s Laws
Thrm Newton’s First Law An object will not change its motion unless a force acts on it.
Thrm Newton’s Second Law
The time rate of change of the momentum of a body is equal in both magnitude and direction to the force imposed on it:
Thrm Newton’s Third Law When two bodies interact, they apply forces to one another that are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.
Thrm Hooke’s Law and Stiffness
Hooke’s law is an empirical law which states that the force