Differential

Let be a differentiable map. To each , we associate a linear map called the differential of at and is defined as follows: For all , and be a differentiable curve such that , , then

Regular Surface

A subset is a regular surface if

  • for each , there exists a neighbourhood of and a smooth homeomorphism such that is an open set.
  • For each , the differential is injective.

Such mapping is called a local coordinate system or a chart of .