CGC Foliation

Let be a -dimensional Riemannian manifold. Then the CGC foliation of is a foliation such that each leaf is a (-dimensional) curve with constant geodesic curvature.

CGC Action

The CGC action is a smooth group action on a smooth Riemannian -manifold , say , such that where denotes the arc length of in the CGC leaf, and is the canonical chart for the Lie group .

Remark

Geometrically, it means that we find the CGC leaf containing , then if , then we move a distance of along the leaf; otherwise, is in but not in , then go in the opposite direction.

Theorem

Suppose is a Riemannian -manifold. Then is rotationally-invariant with respect to some group action if and only if it is rotationally-invariant with respect to the CGC action.